Laboratory confirmation of infection:
- Detection of Zika virus-specific nucleic acid by reverse-transcriptase PCR from an appropriate clinical specimen (e.g. blood, urine)
OR
- Demonstration of specific IgM antibodies in an appropriate clinical specimen (e.g. blood) by enzymeimmuno assay (e.g. Reactive or equivocal ELISA result) AND confirmation through identification of Zika virus-specific neutralizing antibodies in the absence of other flavivirus-specific antibodies (e.g. Reactive Zika PRNT accompanied by negative Dengue PRNT).
- A person with two or more symptoms compatible with clinical illness2 with onset during or within 2 weeks of travel to a country with ongoing or widespread transmission
OR
- A person who is epidemiologically-linked to a confirmed case or a person under investigation
OR
- A female who was pregnant during or within two months of returning from a country with ongoing or widespread Zika virus transmission
OR
- A male returning from a country with ongoing or widespread Zika virus transmission AND has a female partner who is pregnant, becomes pregnant within 2 months of his return, or intends to become pregnant in the following 2 months
OR
- A person with specific IgM antibodies from an appropriate clinical specimen with pending or inconclusive confirmatory testing (e.g. Reactive Zika PRNT with reactive Dengue PRNT)
Notes:
- Only confirmed cases are reportable
- Definition of clinical illness includes: arthralgia (painful joints), conjunctivitis, diarrhea, fever, flaccid paralysis/Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), headache, malaise, myalgia (muscle pain), rash. Please note, symptoms of Zika infection are similar to those by other Arbovirus infections such as West Nile, Dengue, and Chikungunya.
