Confirmed Case - clinical illness* with laboratory confirmation of infection:
- isolation of Brucella spp from an appropriate clinical specimen OR
- 4-fold or greater rise in Brucella agglutination titre between acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens obtained 2 or more weeks apart and studied at the same laboratory OR
- demonstration by immunofluorescence of Brucella spp in an appropriate clinical specimen.
* Clinical illness is characterized by acute or insidious onset of fever, night sewats, undue fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, headache and arthralgia.